Cortical Pathways or Mechanisms in the Face Inversion Effect

Within the FSZ or CON group, the upright face associated activation effect was defined using conjunctions of t-contrasts including upright faces > inverted faces, upright faces > scramble faces, and upright faces > objects. The inverted face associated activation effect was defined using conjunctions of t-contrasts including inverted faces > upright faces, inverted faces > scramble faces, and inverted faces > objects. Then, we defined CON vs FSZ inter-group associated upright face activation effect (including t-contrast conjunctions of upright faces > inverted faces, upright faces > scramble faces, and upright faces > objects) and inverted face activation effect (including t-contrast conjunctions of inverted faces > upright faces, inverted faces > scramble faces, and inverted faces > objects). Similarly, inverted-face selective areas were extracted from t-contrast maps regarding conjunctions of inverted faces > upright faces, inverted faces > scrambled faces, and inverted faces > objects (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). A conjunction analysis using a conjunction-null hypothesis47 was performed to identify common areas of activation across contrasts of upright faces > scrambled faces, upright faces > object, upright faces > inverted faces, and contrasts of inverted faces > scrambled faces, inverted faces > object, inverted faces > upright faces.