Aslan now extends the same idea into urban intelligence: every city's intelligence must also be shaped by its own geography, memory and experience.

Accumulation, technology At the center of the CityLab Urban Intelligence approach is a simple formula: Urban Intelligence = Urban Accumulation × Technological Multiplier "Urban accumulation" includes urban memory, human and local experience, management vision, planning, shared urban wisdom, sustainability and the practical knowledge a city has built over time.

Memory Memory no longer serves only as an archive, and this also changes the way we use urban memory.

In Aslan’s words: "Geography shapes the smart city; memory deepens urban intelligence.”

CityLab's multidisciplinary understanding of smart cities is therefore evolving, through sustainability, urban memory, local experience, reliable data and AI, into a broader school of thought around urban intelligence.