Kun Liu and colleagues at Yale University present a new hardware-software co-design employing a 2D toric network to address limitations caused by restricted qubit connectivity. The architecture reduces the need for long-range couplers from linear to square root scaling and enables high-fidelity, low-latency two-qubit gates via dual-rail qubits and native gate operations. Circuit-level simulations incorporating realistic noise demonstrate a logical error rate of 3.06% for a bivariate bicycle code, representing a 2.6-fold improvement over previously reported experimental results and paving the way for practical, low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation. Reduced qubit connectivity achieves sharp gains in quantum error correction Error rates dropped to 3.06% for a bivariate bicycle (BB) code, a 2.6-fold improvement over existing experimental results and surpassing a key threshold for practical quantum error correction. Previously, achieving such low error rates demanded a linear scaling of long-range connections between qubits, hindering scalability. This new design reduces that requirement to a square root scaling, denoted as O(√n). A two-dimensional toric network of oscillators forms the basis of this advance, effectively acting as a reconfigurable communication fabric between qubits. The challenge in building scalable quantum computers lies significantly in mitigating the effects of noise and decoherence, which introduce errors into quantum computations. Quantum error correction (QEC) is crucial for overcoming these limitations, but implementing QEC requires complex codes and substantial overhead in terms of qubits and operations. Bivariate bicycle (BB) codes are a promising class of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, offering advantages such as high encoding rates and large code distances compared to more established codes like surface codes. The code distance is a critical parameter, determining the number of physical qubits required to protect a single logical qubit and its ability to correct errors. However, a major impediment to realising BB codes is the need for numerous long-range connections
<b>Quantum Computers</b> Edge Closer With Fewer Hardware Connections Needed
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