Chip-Scale Optical Neural Networks Accelerate Real-Time Visual Data Processing

This article reviews the mutual empowerment between artificial intelligence and metasurfaces, characterizing that artificial intelligence enables intelligent nanophotonics, while metasurfaces facilitate optical intelligence.

Artificial intelligence has transformed how information is acquired, processed and utilized, with visual information playing a vital role in perception and decision-making.

The authors review recent advances in the mutual empowerment of artificial intelligence and metasurfaces from two reinforcing perspectives, intelligent nanophotonics and optical intelligence.

In contrast, optical intelligence, as computational paradigms that exploit light-matter interactions within metasurfaces to perform information processing tasks, comprises optical mathematical computing and optical neural networks enabled by physics-based architectures.

The authors reviewed the mutual empowerment between artificial intelligence and metasurfaces, characterized by intelligent nanophotonics and optical intelligence.