Why It Matters A decade-old law that underpins how the federal government and private sector share cyber threat intelligence is set to expire September 30, and Congress has yet to chart a clear path forward on the CISA 2015 expiring provisions. A new Congressional Research Service report lays out the stakes plainly: let the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 lapse, and the legal scaffolding that encourages companies to share threat data with the government, and with each other, disappears with it. It's the legal basis for liability protections, antitrust exemptions, and disclosure shields that make private sector participation in threat-sharing programs possible. Without those protections, companies face real legal exposure for sharing information about breaches, intrusions, or vulnerabilities. The CRS report is direct about the consequence: "Without these protections, private sector entities may be less willing to share cyber threat information with the federal government and each other." The result, the report warns, could return the government to the exact problem that drove Congress to pass the law in the first place, operating without a complete picture of the cyber threats facing the country. Industry groups have already weighed in, broadly advocating for long-term renewal. The cybersecurity information sharing deadline is not a distant concern. Congress has roughly four months. The Bigger Picture Congress passed CISA 2015 as Title I of the broader Cybersecurity Act of 2015, responding to a recognized gap: private companies were reluctant to share information about cyberattacks, fearing lawsuits, antitrust exposure, or privacy liability. The law addressed that by authorizing private entities to monitor their own networks and share threat indicators with the federal government, while requiring the removal of personally identifiable information before any data changes hands. The operational engine of the framework is the Automated Indicator Sharing program, administered by the Department of