Color detection is a fundamental task in many embedded systems – from industrial sorting machines to smart home lighting and DIY electronics. When using a microcontroller (MCU) like the ESP32, there are two common approaches: 1. Camera‑based detection 2. and Optical sensors with integrated color filters The first system uses a camera module to capture an image, then the MCU or a connected computer runs algorithms. This way consumes much more processing power, memory, and energy. Optical sensor contain photodiodes with red, green, blue, and clear filters, plus an analog-to-digital converter. The MCU reads the intensity of each channel via I²C. This method is fast, low‑power, and works well, and no complex image processing is required. The project presented in this video uses a second, more efficient approach, using a dedicated color sensor to achieve real-time, accurate readings with minimal resources. This project is sponsored by PCBWay. From July 1st to July 31st, 2026, PCBWay is organizing 12th anniversary campaig. Grab your discount and unlock more rewards in the form of Exclusive Coupons, PCB Order for Just $5, Turnkey Electronic Design Services, Up to 50% off for 3D printing & CNC Machining, and Special Sales in PCBWay Store. Next, Join the fun with interactive games and receive your exclusive Engineer Color Personality, Click the Box to Participate in the Lucky Draw, Show Your Colorful Projects, and Vote for the Most Popular Badge. The hardware implemented in this project is: - ESP32‑C3 – a compact, Wi‑Fi enabled RISC‑V chip. It handles sensor reading, PWM generation for the RGB LED, and runs a web server. - Color sensor board TCS3472 which should be close to the target object to exclude ambient light. The sensor has a built-in white LED to illuminate the sample. - A common‑cathode RGB LED connected to three PWM