Today’s boom in AI is centered around a technique called deep learning, which is powered by artificial neural networks.
The desire is for the output neuron associated with 3 to have high activation [dark shading] and other output neurons to have low activations [light shading].
STEP 3 A similar process is then performed for the neurons in the second hidden layer.
The network can be pushed in that direction by adjusting the weights of its connections with the first hidden layer [black arrows].
STEP 4 The process is then repeated for the first hidden layer.