Russia’s quantum computing effort is organised around a national Quantum Computing Roadmap that the Rosatom state corporation has coordinated since 2020. Rosatom reported total roadmap funding of roughly 24 billion rubles across 2020 to 2024, of which about half came from Rosatom itself, and the programme funds four hardware platforms in parallel: trapped ions, neutral atoms, superconducting circuits, and photonics. This guide profiles the main organisations in that ecosystem, from the Russian Quantum Center at Skolkovo and the Rosatom-coordinated roadmap through the commercial vendors QRate, Scontel, and QApp, the in-house quantum work at Sberbank, and the academic anchors at Lomonosov Moscow State University, the Lebedev Physical Institute, and ITMO University in St Petersburg. Why Russia runs a state-coordinated quantum programme Russia has built one of the larger national quantum-computing programmes outside the United States, China, and the European Union. The work runs under a national Quantum Computing Roadmap that the Rosatom state corporation has coordinated since 2020, and Rosatom reported total roadmap funding of about 24 billion rubles across 2020 to 2024, with roughly half coming from Rosatom itself. Rather than concentrate on one qubit technology, the roadmap funds four hardware platforms at once, and much of the primary research sits with the Russian Quantum Center and its academic partners. In 2024 the programme delivered two 50-qubit prototypes. In September 2024 Rosatom announced a 50-qubit ion-based machine built in a laboratory run jointly by the Russian Quantum Center and the Lebedev Physical Institute, and in December 2024 Lomonosov Moscow State University and the Russian Quantum Center presented Russia’s first 50-qubit prototype based on single neutral rubidium atoms held in optical tweezers. Russian teams had reached a 20-qubit system earlier in 2024, so the move to 50 qubits came ahead of the original roadmap schedule. Published fidelity and coherence figures remain