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Which Bitcoin Wallets Are at Risk From Quantum Computers? 6.9 Million BTC Have Exposed Keys

Quick Read Google Quantum AI's March 2026 paper found 6.9 million Bitcoin in addresses with publicly visible keys, leaving them exposed to offline quantum attacks. Taproot addresses expose public keys by design, and any P2PKH address spent from even once permanently publishes its full public key on-chain. About 1.7 million Bitcoin in lost Satoshi-era keys, worth over $100 billion, cannot migrate to quantum-safe addresses because the private keys no longer exist. Every standard Ethereum account publishes its public key the first time it signs a transaction, and most active balances already have. 1.7 Million Bitcoin Locked in Keys Nobody Can Move Coinbase's Independent Advisory Board on Quantum estimates about 1.7 million Bitcoin across roughly 20,000 early P2PK keys are Satoshi-era or otherwise lost.

PsiQuantum Finalizes $100 Million U.S. Department Of Commerce Award

PsiQuantum has finalized definitive documentation with the U.S. Department of Commerce for a $100 million federal research and development award intended to strengthen U.S. quantum computing capabilities and semiconductor supply-chain security. The funding is being provided through the CHIPS and Science Act and follows a May 2026 letter of intent covering the proposed $100 million award. PsiQuantum is developing fault-tolerant quantum computers based on silicon photonics and uses existing semiconductor manufacturing infrastructure as part of its strategy for scaling quantum computing systems. Victor Peng, Chief Executive Officer of PsiQuantum “PsiQuantum’s silicon photonics platform will create consequential opportunities across advanced computing infrastructure even as we build and deploy fault-tolerant quantum computers. Rob Soderbery, Executive Vice President at PsiQuantum “GlobalFoundries is excited to continue partnering with PsiQuantum to accelerate photonic quantum computing.

NEC spent decades developing quantum hardware, but it's time to leave

Its researchers produced the earliest known solid-state qubit, a milestone still referenced widely across the quantum computing field. Unlike NEC, IBM remained committed to quantum hardware and grew into a leading global developer of quantum computing systems overall. That contrast makes NEC's exit relatively rare among the original corporate pioneers of quantum computing hardware development. NEC has not formally described the move as a complete withdrawal from quantum computing research. Quantum computing hardware remains a notably costly pursuit, and returns on investment can take many additional years to materialize fully.

Tiny sound waves could help solve a major quantum computing problem

It may also help enable hybrid quantum systems that combine several different kinds of quantum bits, or qubits. Using Sound to Carry Quantum Information One promising approach to quantum networking uses the spin of an electron, associated with impurity in diamond, to store quantum information. The Challenge of Preserving Quantum Memory Using phonons, however, creates a major difficulty: protecting quantum memory. They could transport quantum information between different parts of a network while simultaneously helping protect that information from environmental noise. The result demonstrates that continuous-wave mechanical noise suppression can extend quantum coherence in real devices, suggesting that microscopic sound waves could become an important tool for building more reliable and compact quantum systems.

Quantum computing takes aim at AI

In some cases, quantum computers are already being used alongside AI to significantly improve results, notes Murray Thom, vice president of quantum business innovation at quantum provider D-Wave Systems. But operators of AI systems need to think creatively about how to use quantum computing alongside AI to get the full benefits, he adds. IT leaders must envision future AI workloads to find a place for quantum AI, he suggests. “Quantum computers could eventually accelerate some AI workloads, but I would not expect them to broadly replace GPUs,” he adds. “Quantum computers still need major advances in error correction, and any benefits will probably be limited to specific subroutines of larger AI workloads.”

Quantum Computer Recreates Particle Collisions That Turn Energy Into Matter

Yet simulating such out-of-equilibrium collisions on ordinary computers is extraordinarily difficult, because the entanglement and complexity of the quantum states involved grow explosively with system size and time. Digital quantum simulations of scattering in quantum field theories using W states. Quantum Computer Recreates Particle Collisions That Turn Energy Into Matter. “Quantum Computer Recreates Particle Collisions That Turn Energy Into Matter.” “Quantum Computer Recreates Particle Collisions That Turn Energy Into Matter.”

Ethereum and Quantum Computers: Are Your ETH Affected?

On September 7, 2026, the Ethereum Foundation announced that Ethereum L1 should become quantum-resistant by December 2029. The attack in question is called Shor's algorithm: a quantum method that derives the matching private key from a known public key. Why the public key on Ethereum is almost always exposed Here is the point at which most coverage passes your actual question by. The quantum risk does not attach to the coin; it attaches to whether the public key of an address is known. Checking Ethereum's quantum risk: what to take away Stay calm and sell nothing.

Klea Dhmitri (Hamamatsu): Photonics as the hidden backbone of quantum hardware scaling

Klea Dhmitri of Hamamatsu joins Yuval to discuss the company’s role as a photonic component provider for trapped-ion and neutral-atom quantum computers. So I’m Klea Dhmitri and I work for Hamamatsu Corporation, which is the North American subsidiary of Hamamatsu Photonics. And what I do here is I lead our quantum computing and quantum communication project here in North America. Klea: That’s a great, great question. So we’ve been making PMTs for 70 years and it was actually probably the first product Hamamatsu Photonics made, and so it’s kind of our bread and butter.

UConn hires internationally known quantum physicist. Goal is solving tough scientific and technical challenges

UConn has hired an expert to advance its rise as a leader in interdisciplinary quantum research. Lindsay DiStefano, UConn’s interim vice president for research, innovation, and entrepreneurship, is excited to welcome Kharzeev to UConn. Now at UConn, Kharzeev says he is excited by the strong quantum research infrastructure already in place — and even more by what is coming next. “Quantum computers, quantum sensors, and other emerging quantum technologies are not simply applications of what we already know — they are new instruments of discovery and innovation. “The quantum workforce will require scientists and engineers who can work across traditional boundaries — connecting quantum science with computing, materials, chemistry, engineering, and other fields.

Which Bitcoin Wallets Are at Risk From Quantum Computers? 6.9 Million BTC Have Exposed Keys

Google Quantum AI’s March paper found about 6.9 million Bitcoin in addresses where the full public key is already visible on-chain, exposed to what researchers call an at-rest attack. Every standard Ethereum account publishes its public key the first time it signs a transaction, and most active balances already have. Taproot outputs, Bitcoin’s newest common format since November 2021, put the public key on-chain by design and carry the exposure from creation. 1.7 Million Bitcoin Locked in Keys Nobody Can Move UVL / Shutterstock.com Coinbase’s Independent Advisory Board on Quantum estimates about 1.7 million Bitcoin across roughly 20,000 early P2PK keys are Satoshi-era or otherwise lost. No deadline risks theft by whoever builds the first capable quantum computer, and 1.7 million coins arriving on exchanges at once.

BigBear.ai vs. IonQ: Weighing Whether to Invest in the Artificial Intelligence Company or the Quantum Computing Giant

Choosing between a software-driven artificial intelligence company and a quantum computing pioneer requires weighing utility against technical potential. Investors have this choice in BigBear.ai (BBAI +1.77%) and IonQ (IONQ -0.24%) when searching for high-growth tech opportunities. BigBear.ai provides specialized artificial intelligence solutions for supply chains and defense, while IonQ builds the hardware necessary for a quantum computing future. The case for BigBear.ai BigBear.ai offers decision intelligence solutions tailored for complex environments like supply chains, autonomous systems, and security at airports through its biometrics solutions. The case for IonQ IonQ develops trapped-ion quantum computing systems, positioning itself as a full-stack company that offers both hardware and quantum-computing-as-a-service.

The White House just changed the quantum game. Here’s what it means for national security.

President Donald Trump recently signed two executive orders that together represent the most consequential federal action on quantum technology in a generation. It calls for a full update to the National Quantum Strategy, new domestic supply chain assessments, and the creation of National Quantum Information Science and Technology (QIST) Workforce Development Institutes. It is the architecture around it: workforce pipelines, supply chain security, counterintelligence protections, and the reconstituted National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee. But with this executive order and this coordinated effort, we will have scientifically relevant, meaning error-corrected, quantum computing during this administration. What this means for federal agencies, defense and higher education I spend a lot of time talking to agency leaders, program managers and university research directors.

What are tomorrow's quantum threats?

Why is this a problem that can’t wait until large-scale quantum computers arrive? That is part of why this feels urgent now, even though large-scale quantum computers are not available yet. That said, this is not something quantum computers can do today. Post-quantum cryptography is a new generation of algorithms designed to stay secure even against powerful quantum computers. Rather than relying on mathematical problems that a quantum computer could eventually solve, these algorithms are built on different types of problems that researchers believe are hard for both classical and quantum computers to crack.

Switzerland Is Getting Its First Dedicated IBM Quantum Computer

IBM and Lockheed Martin have officially partnered with ETH Zurich to launch the Swiss Quantum Innovation Hub. The new facility will house Switzerland’s very first dedicated IBM quantum computer. Bringing Quantum Power To Switzerland ETH Zurich has a long history as a powerhouse for physics and computer science. Installing a physical IBM quantum system directly on campus changes the game. By anchoring the hub with a physical quantum computer, IBM is helping to build a highly skilled local workforce.

Scientists just made quantum computer operations 1,000 times faster

Why Quantum Computers Are So Error-Prone A major challenge is that quantum computations can be disrupted by extremely small environmental effects. A Different Way to Protect Quantum Information To make quantum computing more resilient and eventually fault-tolerant, researchers are investigating new ways to shield quantum information from errors. Quantum Operations More Than 1,000 Times Faster Working with bosonic quantum codes is not simple. Quantum Lattice Gates Provide a Shortcut The new approach is built around Quantum lattice gates, a recently proposed universal set of quantum gates developed by the same research team. Designed for Superconducting Quantum Computers The technique is especially well suited to superconducting quantum computers, which are among the most prominent technologies being developed in the international push toward large-scale quantum computing.

Inside IBM’s New Quantum Computing Fridges, 180 Times Colder Than Deep Space

In the next decade, IBM plans to address both of these issues, starting with its new Modular Cryogenic Systems, or “super refridgerators.” To understand the technical requirements of quantum computing, you need to first understand what makes it different from standard computing. Quantum computing uses qubits (that is, quantum bits) instead, which are neither “on” nor “off” but somewhere in the middle. With increased fault tolerance and fewer errors, the quantum computers of the future can run for extended periods of time without the stop-start-reset flow that currently plagues quantum experiments. What’s the advantage to improving quantum computing?

What Does It Take for a Quantum Computer to Actually Be “Quantum”?

Enter quantum error correction (QEC). ‍Introducing Helix: A QEC Architecture for Apollo The Helix code was custom-designed to usher in the next generation of fault tolerance. Why This Matters Quantum memory is one of the most fundamental building blocks of a fault-tolerant quantum computer. Experiment 2: Logical Computation A central feature of the Helix logical architecture is that encoding multiple logical qubits does not require correspondingly expensive logical computation. Because logical error rates depend strongly on physical error rates, Apollo’s expected improvements at the physical level should translate directly into lower logical error rates.

Quantum Codebreaking Moves One Step Forward

Threats aside, the growth of QC technology has been impeded by quantum error correction (QEC) since its inception. Implications for the Global South: Building National Strengths The importance of obtaining novel computational capabilities through FTQCs for the Global South cannot be overstated. Additionally, other established platforms such as Quantum Leap Africa and the Africa Quantum Consortium could also serve as valuable forums for enhancing Global South cooperation. [9] Joschka Roffe, “Quantum Error Correction: An Introductory Guide,” arXiv, July 25, 2019, https://arxiv.org/ abs/1907.11157. [12] Roffe, “Quantum Error Correction: An Introductory Guide”.

LUMI AI Factory Selects IQM’s Halocene Roadmap for Europe’s First Superconducting Logical Qubit System

Superconducting hardware manufacturer IQM Quantum Computers (NASDAQ: IQMX) has been selected by CSC – IT Center for Science to deploy Europe’s first logical-qubit-capable superconducting quantum computer. The initial 2027 deployment will feature an IQM Halocene H4 platform equipped with 150 physical qubits and early quantum error correction (QEC) capabilities. Upon final phase completion, LUMI-IQ will support up to 9 fault-tolerant logical qubits using distance-3 surface and color codes, with structural capacity to encode single logical qubits up to distance-11 surface codes and distance-9 color codes. The contract reinforces IQM’s on-premises ownership model and follows its public listing on NASDAQ under ticker IQMX as Europe’s first publicly traded quantum hardware company. Review the official press release via IQM Quantum Computers here and examine our previous analysis of the LUMI AI Factory Initial Selection of IQM Superconducting Hardware here.

Beat the odds: Master and execute Monte Carlo Integration for finance on real quantum computers

In these circumstances financial professionals often turn to Monte Carlo Integration. However, Monte Carlo Integration suffers from a fundamental computational bottleneck: improving precision requires an exponentially larger number of samples to be calculated. That’s why Q-CTRL is proud to make advanced Monte Carlo Integration possible and accessible on the most advanced quantum computers to date. Finance applications skill in Black Opal We have launched a new finance applications skill in Black Opal, our award-winning quantum education platform! Incorporating Q-CTRL’s Fire Opal Monte Carlo Integration function directly addresses these scalability challenges.