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75th Field Artillery Brigade Leads Continuous Transformation at Project Convergence

FORT Sill, OK.- Warfare is evolving at a relentless pace, and the Soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, 18th Field Artillery Regiment, 75th Field Artillery Brigade, are standing at the boundary of that evolution. At the Army’s National Training Center in Fort Irwin, during Project Convergence Capstone 6 (PC-C6), these Fort Sill based artillerymen did not just execute a training exercise; they pioneered a new era of tactical combat power. By putting an experimental autonomous launcher and command system through its paces, the 2-18 FA is demonstrating how the Army is transforming in contact to build a faster, more lethal, and more survivable force. At the heart of this transformation is Human-Machine Integration (HMI), a concept that redefines how the military protects its most valuable asset: its Soldiers. The experiment focused on the DeepFires autonomous launcher, a highly mobile, multi-mission platform built to align with the Army's modernization priorities. Developed in partnership with the U.S. Army, Oshkosh, Forterra, Corvid Technologies, and Collins Aerospace, this system builds on insights from PC-C5 and the Contested Force Integration Warfare Exercise (CFWE) to demonstrate what autonomous systems can deliver in lethality, survivability, and flexibility. Under this framework, the dangerous, labor-intensive tasks of forward-position launching and heavy ammunition resupply are shifted to autonomous machines. The tactical decisions, however, remain entirely in the hands of the crew. During PC-C6, this concept took physical form in a leader-follower vehicle configuration. A manned Joint Unmanned Autonomous System Multi-Payload System Command and Control (JUMPS C2) vehicle served as the brain of the operation. From within the safety of this prototype shelter, a small crew of Soldiers directed the actions of two robotic followers: the DeepFires autonomous Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) Family of Launchers (MFOM) and the Autonomous Resupply Vehicle (ARV). This architecture allows a small team to deliver a

When driverless <b>vehicles</b> are attacked, look for the union label

When driverless vehicles are attacked, look for the union label Self-driving cars are coming to major cities, and one group in particular is not happy about this: unions. An effort to bring self-driving vehicles to Washington, DC is opposed by a mysterious organization with apparent union ties. The organization, which calls itself the Coalition for Accountability and Road Safety (CARS), claims that self-driving cars are potential threats to public safety. What it doesn’t say is that it represents organizations with a financial interest in keeping these vehicles off the street. DC’s City Council is considering a bill, “The Autonomous Vehicle Deployment Authorization Amendment Act,” that would allow up to 200 autonomous vehicles (AVs) on its streets, with the possibility of further expanding the fleet in 2028. City Councilmember Charles Allen, the sponsor of this bill, argues that this would present an “opportunity to improve traffic safety and consumer choice in the District.” The bill would require AV companies to have a minimum of $5 million in liability insurance for each vehicle they put in operation. The city’s Department of Transportation would oversee the implementation of the fleet. CARS is running an ad in the DC metro area arguing that the cars are dangerous. “How do you feel about DC neighborhoods being used as a test lab for unproven, driverless technology?” it asks, before urging viewers to contact the council and tell them to reject the bill. Is CARS a local grassroots group? It doesn’t appear to be. Its website doesn’t give any hint as to who backs the group, though the fact that CARS warns that driverless vehicles are “threatening the livelihoods of working families” offers a strong clue. The news website TechCrunch has reported that CARS is registered to an employee of Pitta Bishop & Del Giorno LLC, a

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal ...

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal could be next LAS VEGAS (AP) — Federal regulators are clearing the way for robotaxis to operate without manual controls like steering wheels or, eventually, even brake pedals as the rules start to catch up to the evolving technology. Amazon’s fully autonomous Zoox vehicles got approval Thursday to begin charging customers for rides in the specially designed cars that feature four inward-facing seats once they secure state and local approval. Zoox has already been offering free rides in Las Vegas and San Francisco since last year. At least a couple of people were waiting at most stops Thursday afternoon for rides up and down the Vegas strip aboard one of the distinctive boxy-shaped vehicles. “It’s kind of scary at first, but when I just got used to it, it’s really cool and chilling. I really liked the music and how you can adjust the temperature,” Chloe Huu from Ann Arbor, Michigan, said after taking a ride in a Zoox Thursday. But the projected wait time for the ride kept changing, which made it hard to plan. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also proposed a rule last month to allow robotaxis to operate without brake pedals, but that proposal is still pending. Administrator Jonathan Morrison said his agency wants to update the regulations to fit these fully autonomous vehicles while still acting as the “cop on the beat to make sure that this is being done right.” Most vehicle safety regulations were written decades ago, always with the assumption that there would be a human driver behind the wheel. But Morrison said that things like steering wheels, windshield wipers and side-view mirrors aren’t really needed in an autonomous vehicle. “If you’re going to be developing a standard

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal ...

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal could be next LAS VEGAS (AP) — Federal regulators are clearing the way for robotaxis to operate without manual controls like steering wheels or, eventually, even brake pedals as the rules start to catch up to the evolving technology. Amazon’s fully autonomous Zoox vehicles got approval Thursday to begin charging customers for rides in the specially designed cars that feature four inward-facing seats once they secure state and local approval. Zoox has already been offering free rides in Las Vegas and San Francisco since last year. At least a couple of people were waiting at most stops Thursday afternoon for rides up and down the Vegas strip aboard one of the distinctive boxy-shaped vehicles. “It’s kind of scary at first, but when I just got used to it, it’s really cool and chilling. I really liked the music and how you can adjust the temperature,” Chloe Huu from Ann Arbor, Michigan, said after taking a ride in a Zoox Thursday. But the projected wait time for the ride kept changing, which made it hard to plan. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also proposed a rule last month to allow robotaxis to operate without brake pedals, but that proposal is still pending. Administrator Jonathan Morrison said his agency wants to update the regulations to fit these fully autonomous vehicles while still acting as the “cop on the beat to make sure that this is being done right.” Most vehicle safety regulations were written decades ago, always with the assumption that there would be a human driver behind the wheel. But Morrison said that things like steering wheels, windshield wipers and side-view mirrors aren’t really needed in an autonomous vehicle. “If you’re going to be developing a standard

Driverless shuttle program to hit road in metro Atlanta county after commission approval

COBB COUNTY, Ga. — The Cobb County Board of Commissioners officially voted to bring driverless shuttles to the Cumberland area of the county. The new, automated shuttles will operate near the Battery and Truist Park for a three-year test pilot. According to the commission agenda from the Tuesday meeting, the program is part of what officials said was the Autonomous Vehicle Circulator Pilot Project. That initiative “will introduce autonomous vehicle technology to replace the current method of transit operation in the Cumberland area of Cobb County.” [DOWNLOAD: Free WSB-TV News app for alerts as news breaks] TRENDING STORIES: - Interstate 285 construction closure postponed - Why the sky looks so hazy in north Georgia today - Woman killed after tree falls on DeKalb County home identified Currently, that part of Cobb County is among the locations served by CobbLinc, the public transport system. As part of the process to get the AV program up and running, the Cobb County Commission approved acceptance of a $6.6 million grant. The Cumberland Community Improvement District will provide $1.1 million under the terms of a framework agreement for the program, to assist in funding. The program cannot exceed a $7.7 million cost, according to the commission documents. The county itself will not contribute funds to the program, with all involved budgeting to come from federal grants, CCID funding or other non-County sources. [SIGN UP: WSB-TV Daily Headlines Newsletter] ©2026 Cox Media Group

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal ...

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal could be next LAS VEGAS (AP) — Federal regulators are clearing the way for robotaxis to operate without manual controls like steering wheels or, eventually, even brake pedals as the rules start to catch up to the evolving technology. Amazon’s fully autonomous Zoox vehicles got approval Thursday to begin charging customers for rides in the specially designed cars that feature four inward-facing seats once they secure state and local approval. Zoox has already been offering free rides in Las Vegas and San Francisco since last year. At least a couple of people were waiting at most stops Thursday afternoon for rides up and down the Vegas strip aboard one of the distinctive boxy-shaped vehicles. “It’s kind of scary at first, but when I just got used to it, it’s really cool and chilling. I really liked the music and how you can adjust the temperature,” Chloe Huu from Ann Arbor, Michigan, said after taking a ride in a Zoox Thursday. But the projected wait time for the ride kept changing, which made it hard to plan. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also proposed a rule last month to allow robotaxis to operate without brake pedals, but that proposal is still pending. Administrator Jonathan Morrison said his agency wants to update the regulations to fit these fully autonomous vehicles while still acting as the “cop on the beat to make sure that this is being done right.” Most vehicle safety regulations were written decades ago, always with the assumption that there would be a human driver behind the wheel. But Morrison said that things like steering wheels, windshield wipers and side-view mirrors aren’t really needed in an autonomous vehicle. “If you’re going to be developing a standard

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal ...

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal could be next LAS VEGAS (AP) — Federal regulators are clearing the way for robotaxis to operate without manual controls like steering wheels or, eventually, even brake pedals as the rules start to catch up to the evolving technology. Amazon’s fully autonomous Zoox vehicles got approval Thursday to begin charging customers for rides in the specially designed cars that feature four inward-facing seats once they secure state and local approval. Zoox has already been offering free rides in Las Vegas and San Francisco since last year. At least a couple of people were waiting at most stops Thursday afternoon for rides up and down the Vegas strip aboard one of the distinctive boxy-shaped vehicles. “It’s kind of scary at first, but when I just got used to it, it’s really cool and chilling. I really liked the music and how you can adjust the temperature,” Chloe Huu from Ann Arbor, Michigan, said after taking a ride in a Zoox Thursday. But the projected wait time for the ride kept changing, which made it hard to plan. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also proposed a rule last month to allow robotaxis to operate without brake pedals, but that proposal is still pending. Administrator Jonathan Morrison said his agency wants to update the regulations to fit these fully autonomous vehicles while still acting as the “cop on the beat to make sure that this is being done right.” Most vehicle safety regulations were written decades ago, always with the assumption that there would be a human driver behind the wheel. But Morrison said that things like steering wheels, windshield wipers and side-view mirrors aren’t really needed in an autonomous vehicle. “If you’re going to be developing a standard

Amazon's Zoox secures US federal approval for steering-wheel-free robotaxis

Amazon’s Zoox secures US federal approval for steering-wheel-free robotaxis Zoox will launch its commercial robotaxi service in Las Vegas after receiving federal clearance. Zoox, Amazon’s brand of autonomous vehicles, has won approval in the United States for limited commercial deployment of its steering-wheel-free robotaxis, a first for the autonomous transportation industry. On Thursday, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) gave its approval for Zoox to begin charging customers for rides, once it secures state and local approval. Recommended Stories list of 3 items- list 1 of 3US opens probe after a Waymo self-driving car hit a child near a school - list 2 of 3Amazon’s Zoox recalls self-driving vehicles amid emergency response issues - list 3 of 3Waymo runs into safety concerns and competition as it expands in the US As part of that approval, the company was granted an exemption from federal rules that require human controls on motor vehicles. NHTSA administrator Jonathan Morrison told the Reuters news agency that Zoox had so far met its safety requirements. But he indicated there would be a staggered rollout, and no Zoox vehicles would be immediately available for sale to the public. “We can say pretty clearly that the systems in place on the Zoox exceed the equivalent performance requirements of a compliant vehicle,” Morrison said. “But we still want to make sure that the automated driving system will operate appropriately.” According to Morrison, Zoox had received clearance to commercially deploy up to 2,500 vehicles in each of the next two years. The NHTSA is also placing additional reporting requirements on Zoox for issues such as crashes or stopping inappropriately on roads. Still, the approval marks a milestone for companies developing robotaxis that deviate from the models of standard motor vehicles. Zoox’s cars are rectangular, carriage-style vehicles with rows of

What are the gold Teslas in Dallas? Here's what to know

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Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels

By JOSH FUNK and TY O’NEIL, Associated Press LAS VEGAS (AP) — Federal regulators are clearing the way for robotaxis to operate without manual controls like steering wheels or eventually even brake pedals as the rules start to catch up to the evolving technology. Amazon’s fully autonomous Zoox vehicles got approval Thursday to begin charging customers for rides in the specially designed cars that feature four inward-facing seats once they secure state and local approval. Zoox has already been offering free rides in Las Vegas and San Francisco since last year. At least a couple people were waiting at most stops Thursday afternoon for rides up and down the Vegas strip aboard one of the distinctive boxy-shaped vehicles. “It’s kind of scary at first, but when I just got used to it, it’s really cool and chilling. I really liked the music and how you can adjust the temperature,” Chloe Huu from Ann Arbor, Michigan, said after taking a ride in a Zoox Thursday. But the projected wait time for the ride kept changing, which made it hard to plan. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also proposed a rule last month to allow robotaxis to operate without brake pedals, but that proposal is still pending. Administrator Jonathan Morrison said his agency wants to update the regulations to fit these fully autonomous vehicles while still acting as the “cop on the beat to make sure that this is being done right.” Most vehicle safety regulations were written decades ago, always with the assumption that there would be a human driver behind the wheel. But Morrison said that things like steering wheels, windshield wipers and side-view mirrors aren’t really needed in an autonomous vehicle. “If you’re going to be developing a standard in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, nobody at that time

Amazon's Zoox wins first U.S. approval for paid robotaxis without human controls

Amazon’s Zoox unit has won U.S. approval for limited commercial deployment of its novel steering-wheel-free robotaxis, a first for the autonomous ride industry, the U.S. auto safety agency said on Thursday. Zoox said that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s decision gives the company federal approval to begin charging for rides, and that it will soon begin charging for service, first in Las Vegas, with additional markets to follow as it completes various state requirements. The exemption granted by the agency from federal rules requiring human controls, first reported by Reuters, marks a milestone for companies developing robotaxis from the ground up, rather than modifying conventional cars under safety regulations written long before self-driving technology emerged. Along with Zoox, whose electric carriage-style vehicle has two rows of inward-facing seats and a top speed of 75 miles per hour, others such as Tesla and Alphabet’s Waymo are racing to expand autonomous ride-hailing services in the U.S. NHTSA Administrator Jonathan Morrison told Reuters that Zoox had received clearance to commercially deploy up to 2,500 vehicles in each of the next two years. Zoox currently carries passengers in parts of Las Vegas and San Francisco as part of testing. The exemption would allow Zoox to charge them fees, subject to state and local approvals. The agency said it determined the vehicle is as safe as an equivalent vehicle meeting federal motor vehicle safety standards that are being waived. Zoox cannot sell any of the vehicles to the public. “We can say pretty clearly that the systems in place on the Zoox exceed the equivalent performance requirements of a compliant vehicle,” Morrison said in an interview. “But we still want to make sure that the automated driving system will operate appropriately.” As part of the exemption, NHTSA is placing additional reporting requirements on Zoox

Some robotaxis approved to operate without steering wheels and losing the brake pedal ...

Federal regulators are clearing the way for robotaxis to operate without steering wheels or eventually even brake pedals as the rules start to catch up to the evolving technology. Amazon’s fully autonomous Zoox vehicles got approval Thursday to begin charging customers for rides in the specially designed boxy cars that feature four inward-facing seats once they secure state and local approval. Zoox has already been offering free rides in Las Vegas and San Francisco since last year. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also proposed a rule last month to allow robotaxis to operate without brake pedals, but that proposal is still pending. Administrator Jonathan Morrison said his agency wants to update the regulations to fit these fully autonomous vehicles while still acting as the “cop on the beat to make sure that this is being done right.” Most vehicle safety regulations were written decades ago, always with the assumption that there would be a human driver behind the wheel. But Morrison said that things like steering wheels, windshield wipers and side-view mirrors aren't really needed in an autonomous vehicle. “If you’re going to be developing a standard in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, nobody at that time had this imagination, nobody had a crystal ball that you might have technologies that would enable the vehicle to drive itself,” Morrison said. Questions remain about robotaxi safety The Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety group raised concerns about Zoox’s plan to operate without a steering wheel or other standard controls because the company didn’t provide detailed evidence to show that its vehicles could operate safely on public roads. “Lots of promises, lots of glossy language, lots of ‘We believe, we think we’ll do this.’ Yet there really was no data behind the promises, and that’s really concerning to us,” said Peter Kurdock,

<b>Autonomous vehicle</b> red tape gets slashed by Trump Administration

News Autonomous vehicle red tape gets slashed by Trump Administration The Trump Administration today made several key moves to help with the deployment of autonomous vehicles by cutting overreaching red tape that has stifled growth and innovation for years. The moves, which were put forth by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), aim to grant temporary exemptions to at least one company currently, although that could expand in the coming months. Additionally, it will work with organizations to develop standards and a sound but efficient regulatory landscape. Zoox is the only company mentioned explicitly by the Trump Administration in its press release announcing the new terms today. They will receive a temporary two-year exemption that will allow the commercial deployment of up to 2,500 vehicles annually for two years. There is a potential exemption for Robomart, Inc., which “requests a temporary exemption from certain FMVSS No. 500 requirements for a low-speed vehicle operated by an ADS without a human driver onboard. NHTSA will publish a separate notice seeking public comment on its merits once the initial evaluation is complete,” the agency said. Here are the five new terms that Secretary Sean Duffy has implemented through the NHTSA today: - Allow Zoox to commercially deploy its robotaxis through a temporary exemption. This temporary exemption will allow the commercial deployment of up to 2,500 vehicles annually for two years, subject to an enhanced, adaptable oversight structure that can evolve as Zoox’s technology advances. - Accelerate development of first-ever AV performance standards through a partnership with SAE Industry Technologies Consortia (ITC). This partnership will fund a three-year, $5 million “A2SCEND” consortium, bringing together experts to gather data and accelerate creation of the first-ever AV performance standards. This project will inform a single national standard for AV safety to eliminate the patchwork regulatory

Portland moves to regulate robotaxis

Portland moves to regulate robotaxis By Julia PickarJuly 30, 2026 8:14 p.m.📨 Daily news in your inboxSign up today for OPB’s “First Look” – your daily guide to the most important news and culture stories from around the Northwest.EmailPlease leave this field blankSign up

After a 2-month pause for updates, Waymos gradually return to Phoenix freeways

Waymo says it’s gradually adding back freeway routes in Phoenix, with more cities to follow. In May, the company said it was pausing its freeway operations to update software and improve performance around construction and flood zones. Waymo first suspended service in Atlanta after an unoccupied robotaxi stopped in flood water earlier that month. Waymos began using Valley freeways in November 2025. “Waymo’s mission is to be the world’s most trusted driver, and the data shows we are making roads safer in the cities we serve. We are welcoming riders on freeways again after implementing software updates to improve our performance around highway construction zones. We remain focused on operating responsibly to build a driver that communities trust and want on our roads," a spokesperson said in statement. - The Arizona Department of Transportation is rolling out a new feature that allows drivers to add accommodations for communicating to their vehicle or license records. - The Federal Aviation Administration says it received “substantial feedback” from the public about its plans to change flight paths at Valley airports, including Phoenix Sky Harbor, and will delay those plans until next June. - The Hart Mine Road Bridge located near the Arizona-California border collapsed into the river after it was believed to have suffered structural damage from the nearby Island Fire, according to federal officials. No injuries were reported. - A train derailment spilled 15,000 gallons of sodium hydrosulfide near the Naco border crossing into Arizona. - Scott Allison could have taken the shortest route from Las Vegas to Reno. Instead, he drove nearly 50 extra miles through California. The detour wasn't for the scenery. It was for the chargers.

'You've asked. We've built': Waymo to launch new <b>vehicle</b> platform

‘You’ve asked. We’ve built’: Waymo to launch new vehicle platform Waymo said people might spot the new Ojai vehicles testing with human specialists in other cities. What This Story Is About - Waymo is preparing to launch a new vehicle platform that’s been spotted in Nashville. Why It Matters - Their new vehicle platform, Ojai, features a revamped in-car UI where riders can now harness Google’s Gemini inside. What Happens Next - Waymo said people might spot the new Ojai vehicles testing with human specialists in other cities. For Context - Waymo launched in Nashville on April 7. NASHVILLE, Tenn. (WSMV) - Waymo is preparing to launch a new vehicle platform that’s been spotted in Nashville. Their new vehicle platform, Ojai, features a revamped in-car UI where riders can now harness Google’s Gemini inside. Waymo said people might spot the new Ojai vehicles testing with human specialists in other cities. What type of Waymo car is on the road in Nashville right now? Right now, Waymo uses Waymo One, a Jaguar I-PACE electric SUV, which is equipped with lidar, radar, cameras and hearing sensors that detect sirens and their direction. The vehicle combines four sensor types into a three-dimensional display that passengers can view on screens. Cameras understand the world, lidar sensors provide three-dimensional information and radar determines the speed and range of vehicles. What makes Ojai different than other Waymos? Waymo said they’ve spent years coming up with a riding experience that would feel “less like a car.” The company said even though the silhouette is different, the technology behind the wheel is the Waymo Driver, which serves over 20 million fully automated trips across more than 11 cities. The Ojai will be the first vehicle to debut the 6th-generation Waymo Driver. Waymo announced the beginning of their fully

San Mateo Congressman Introduces Federal Bill Regulating Robotaxis During Emergencies

In response to recent Waymo incidents that have delayed emergency responders, worsened large-scale traffic jams, and sent vehicles through construction zones, Congressman Kevin Mullin has introduced legislation to establish national standards for cities and manufacturers. US Representative Kevin Mullin of San Mateo unveiled federal legislation Tuesday that would create standardized procedures for autonomous vehicle companies when their vehicles encounter emergency crews during fires, crashes, road closures, and other active incidents, as ABC 7 reports. The proposal, called the AV Emergency Response Coordination Act, would establish the first nationwide framework governing how autonomous vehicle companies work with cities and first responders during emergencies, replacing the current patchwork of manufacturer-specific protocols. The bill would require autonomous vehicle operators to provide standardized emergency response plans, create a 24-hour hotline connecting first responders with AV companies, and implement digital geofencing that would allow authorities to keep self-driving vehicles out of emergency scenes and other hazardous areas. Mullin said the goal is to place the responsibility on manufacturers to ensure their vehicles don't interfere with public safety operations, while San Francisco Mayor Daniel Lurie said the legislation would provide clearer guidance during street closures, signal failures, and other unexpected disruptions, according to ABC 7. "It would also ensure that AVs respond appropriately when streets close, traffic patterns change, signals fail or when first responders need immediate access," said Lurie. As SFist reported previously, the proposal follows a string of high-profile incidents involving Waymo robotaxis in the Bay Area and other cities, including vehicles driving through crime scenes, obstructing firefighters and paramedics, entering flooded roads, and trapping passengers who are potentially in danger. Additionally, Lurie recently urged California regulators to strengthen oversight of autonomous vehicles following the massive Fourth of July gridlock that left dozens of Waymos sitting motionless in traffic. “This legislation will help keep

China's Next <b>Auto</b> Revolution: When the Electric <b>Car</b> Becomes a Connected AI Platform

29 Jul 2026 Fair Use [17 U.S.C. § 107] GeekCar connected cars illustration. By EVWorld.com AI Editorial Team For more than a decade, China's automotive strategy has focused on one clear objective: replacing the internal combustion engine with electric propulsion. That effort has been remarkably successful. Chinese manufacturers now dominate global battery production, have created some of the world's largest electric vehicle brands, and have pushed EV costs lower through enormous manufacturing scale. For more than a decade, China's automotive strategy has focused on one clear objective: replacing the internal combustion engine with electric propulsion. That effort has been remarkably successful. Chinese manufacturers now dominate global battery production, have created some of the world's largest electric vehicle brands, and have pushed EV costs lower through enormous manufacturing scale. But China's next automotive ambition is not simply to build more electric cars. It is to transform the automobile into a connected, intelligent platform that merges transportation, artificial intelligence, and energy management. The emerging concept is often described as the "Connected Autonomous New Energy Vehicle" (CNEV). It combines three technologies: electric propulsion, continuous digital connectivity, and increasingly capable autonomous driving systems. The first element - the new energy vehicle - is already well established. Battery-electric vehicles have become mainstream in China, supported by extensive charging infrastructure, government incentives, and aggressive competition among domestic automakers. Companies such as BYD, NIO, XPeng, and others have demonstrated that Chinese manufacturers can compete globally not only on price but also on technology, battery efficiency, and software integration. The next step is connectivity. Modern Chinese EVs are increasingly designed as software platforms. Vehicles communicate with cloud services, receive over-the-air updates, monitor battery health, optimize routes, and integrate digital services into the driving experience. Instead of a vehicle remaining essentially unchanged after purchase, manufacturers envision cars that continuously